HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES IN THE MUCOUS MEMBRANE OF THE ALVEOLAR RIDGE OF THE LOWER JAW WITH PARTIAL DEFECTS OF THE DENTITION
Keywords:
Key words: mucous membrane, dentition defects, intact bite, microcirculation.Abstract
Abstract. According to many researchers, it is one of the main causes of the development of periodontal diseases [1, 4, 9, 17, 28].
Dental defects lead to damage to the alveolar apparatus. In addition to a decrease in chewing efficiency, in most cases, secondary deformation of the dentition occurs, leading to displacement of the teeth in various directions, which violates the integrity of the dentition and overloads the periodontal tissue of the teeth adjacent to the defect. Destructive and inflammatory processes associated with overload of the supporting periodontal tissues can occur with abnormal occlusion, premature loss of molars, after the removal of a large number of teeth, and with bruxism [13,18,19].
In all patients, intraosseous screw implants were installed as supports for prostheses. Microcirculation of periodontal tissues was studied by laser Doppler flowmetry using a capillary blood flow analyzer LAKK-01 (NPP "Lazma"). Periodontal tissue with intact teeth was considered normal. Dynamic observation of the microcirculatory state of the gingival tissue was carried out in the missing areas of the dentition after 1, 3 and 6 months.
It is known that functional overload of periodontal tissue has a detrimental effect on hemodynamics, leading to changes in hydrostatic blood pressure in the vessels, changes in blood and lymph flow, impaired vascular permeability and, ultimately, to the development of tissue hypoxia. As a result of these disorders, the fixing function of the collagen and elastic fibers of the periodontal ligament is inhibited, which leads to disorder and pain of the teeth when biting. Subsequently, the inflammatory-destructive process leads to resorption of the interdental bone, resulting in atrophy of the alveolar bone [9, 11, 14,20,21].
The study of hemodynamic parameters for dental defects is an objective criterion for assessing the condition of periodontal tissues for planning further orthopedic treatment.
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